The certificates from a STAC indicate what is the affiliation and type of participation of a company in a STAC.  So, it may be a solution provider, direct buyer, linked buyer, or co-investor.  Using CDP data, it is possible to determine how many tiers of a supply chain there are associated with reported emissions. In other words, it is possible to know how many times emissions are counted on the balance sheet of the financial institution that is invested in that company.